Europe brings together a multitude of cultures, from the highly traveled, internal cities in the west to the quaint, adventurous, and historic towns in the east.
It’s easy to jump from one country to the next by a quick train ride or a local airline. However, you might need help planning if you are traveling to Europe for the first time.
Discover the must-see destination spots and a few lesser known gems. Learn to navigate your way through each city you visit. Take advice on how to plan a European excursion filled with adventure and discovery.
Jump Ahead
- How to Choose Your European Destination
- Popular Destinations in Europe
- Hidden Gem Destinations in Europe
- Accommodations Options in Europe
- Navigate Transportation in Europe
- European Culture
- How to Travel Europe on a Budget
- Remember to Pack these Essentials
- Resources and Sites that Make European Travel Easy
How to Choose Your European Destination
A trip to Europe may include traveling in both western and eastern Europe. These regions are only vaguely defined, but the two regions of the continent tend to have differences that are helpful to know when traveling in Europe.
Western Europe tends to be more tourist heavy, but each provides unique experiences to its travelers.
Western Europe
Home to traditional vacation destinations like France, Italy, Spain, and England, the countries located in the western part of Europe include many internationally recognized cities that often draw people to Europe in the first place. These renowned cities include Paris, Rome, Barcelona, and London, among others.
Western Europe is home to many world-famous attractions including the Eiffel Tower, the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the Roman Colosseum, and Buckingham Palace. The region is known for its rich history and local museums that explore each country’s culture and innovation.
Travel within the European countries in the west is also fairly easy due to the reliable public transportation.
A Schengen visa allows you to travel freely between the 26 countries in Europe that participate in the Schengen Agreement. A majority of these countries are a part of Western Europe, thus allowing for ease of travel in this region.
Read through Schengen Visa: Everything You Need to Know before booking your trip to Europe.
Most Western European countries utilize the euro as their currency, saving you the need to exchange currency when you enter a new country.
U.S. travelers will also be pleased to know that English is widely spoken in Western Europe, an ideal vacation destination for English speakers timid about learn a new language.
Keep in mind travel in Western European countries tends to be more expensive than in Eastern Europe. Amenities like accommodations, restaurants, and shopping tend to charge a premium, especially in larger cities like Paris or Rome.
Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe includes countries like Russia, Czech Republic, Poland, Croatia, and Slovenia. This region is known for its friendly people. In fact, online travel magazine Days to Come claims “…its people are famous for hospitality.”
This region of Europe tends to be less tourist heavy, though its nature and history can prove breathtaking from quaint towns to bustling cities with rich culture. Its most visited cities include Prague, Budapest, Moscow, and Montenegro.
Accommodations and restaurants tend to be more affordable, a perk for those hoping for a longer stay or wanting a more affordable option for traveling in Europe.
Local transportation isn’t as convenient, especially in smaller towns, and the currencies vary widely within the region. However, these lesser known cities are ideal for those seeking an unusual adventure and an opportunity to explore the region’s vast and beautiful nature.
Top European Destinations (and Hidden Gems)
Europe includes many desirable vacation spots for any first time or experienced international traveler. Find vibrant cities and unique, hidden gems all across the region. You just need to know where to look.
This list will help you get started.
Pick from These Popular Destinations in Europe
Paris, France
Nicknamed the “City of Lights,” Paris is the well-known capital of France and one of the most visited cities in the world. The city gleams with pride over its famous Eiffel Tower, first constructed in the 1880s. It remains to be a towering structure visible from rooftops and balconies across the city.
Another famous monument in the city is the Arc de Triomphe, located at the end of Paris’ famous Champs-Élysées. It was built in the early 1800s and allows for a 360-degree view of the city from the top of the structure.
Don’t forget to stop by the world-famous Louvre Museum, featuring the Mona Lisa and many more iconic artifacts in its collection, and the historic Cathédrale de Notre-Dame.
A trip to Paris also calls for a visit to local French cafes and bakeries to enjoy their famous pastries and delicate desserts.
Rome, Italy
Rome is considered one of the oldest, continuously occupied cites in Europe. This capital of Italy is home to various historic landmarks that are telling of the city’s long history.
A stop at the famous Colosseum will amaze any spectator. This structure, built in 70 AD, was the largest amphitheater of its time and continues to leave millions of visitors breathless every year.
While there, don’t miss out on Palatine Hill, the legendary founding site of the city and home to Roman Empire palaces and other historic ruins.
Tour grand churches in Rome including St. Peter’s Basilica, the world’s largest basilica of Christianity, and the Pantheon, a former Roman temple and now Catholic church dedicated around 126 AD.
Enjoy an afternoon around the Trevi Fountain, an iconic 18th century fountain in Rome. Also, visit several of Rome’s famous museums to help sort through the city’s long history, like the Museo Nazionale di Castel Sant’Angelo and the Museo Nazionale Romano – Palazzo Massimo alle Terme.
Read “How to Travel Rome on a Budget” before you book your trip to the city.
London, England
England’s capital sits in the south-eastern part of Great Britain. This international city is an economic powerhouse and home to many famous museums and monuments that tell the story of London’s history dating back to Roman times.
Witness the Changing of the Guard at Buckingham Palace or dip into the British Museum for an afternoon of learning and discovery.
The London Eye, the world-famous Ferris wheel, sits at the edge of the River Thames. Experience views of the many historic London monuments including Big Ben and the Palace of Westminster.
Those willing to venture farther north of the city can visit the iconic Abby Road, the backdrop of the famous Beatles album sharing its name. (Line up the family along that famous crosswalk to recreate the album cover photo!)
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
The city’s intricate canal system and old bridges appear in iconic photos of this nation’s capital. The Magere Brug might be the most famous, lit every evening for pedestrians.
Also, witness over 60% of the city’s commuters traveling via bike, according to the Dutch Amsterdam website. This unique feature calls for various bike paths throughout the city.
View Vincent Van Gogh’s famous art and learn about his life in the famous Van Gough Museum located in Amsterdam. And don’t forget to visit the sobering Anne Frank House, which features a biographical museum of the famous World War II diarist and is visited by over a million people every year.
Amsterdam’s Heineken Experience tour is also worth taking to explore Heineken’s first brewery.
Santorini, Greece
Santorini is an island in the Aegean Sea. It was devastated by a volcanic eruption in the 16th century BC, which uniquely shaped the rugged landscape.
Its whitewashed houses tucked into the island’s cliffs overlook the underwater crater left behind by the volcano. The island continues to stand as a unique and picturesque vacation spot with its domed churches and priceless views.
Akortiri is the site of a prehistoric village that was destroyed by the volcanic eruption. These ruins are a notable place to witness the island’s history. Additionally, the Santorini caldera attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors every year to witness the beautiful sunset on the Aegean Sea.
Well known for its wineries, Santo Wines winery will help to cap off your day on the beautiful island.
Don’t Forget These Hidden Gems of Europe
Europe is home to many other beautiful and curious cities that aren’t as well known to the rest of the world. Add these locations to your bucket list for adventure that isn’t so mainstream.
Basel, Switzerland
In the northwest of Switzerland sits the town of Basel with a population of close to 200,000, according to United Nations data. This medieval town will make you feel as though you’ve jumped back in time with its 16th century Town Hall and its 12th century gothic cathedral.
The Basel Münster Cathedral is arguably the most famous landmark in Basel, according to the Basel Culture Unlimited. The Gothic-style cathedral is made up of sandstone walls and colorful roof tiles. It peaks with twin towers that rise high above the city.
Don’t leave without seeing famous Swiss art at the Tinguely Museum too.
Tourists wanting a grand cultural experience can schedule their trip to Basel during the annual Basel Carnival. The festival is a three-day celebration starting on Ash Wednesday and featuring joyful instruments and artistic performances.
Note the festival begins exactly at 4 a.m. on the first day, when the dark city is instantly lit up by thousands of hand-painted lights and loud music through the streets. It’s a memorable moment worth experiencing.
Bovec, Slovenia
This mountain town in northern Slovenia is perfect for any outdoor adventurist seeking unique scenery for their favorite activities.
Bovec is home to Triglav National Park to the east, a perfect location for rafting, hiking, and mountain biking in the Julian Alps. The park is made up of glacial lakes, mountains, and forests.
Travelers can spend the day at Kanin Cable Car, the local ski resort for adventurists hoping to ski down the Alps.
Bovec visitors can take a break from their active outdoor adventures to explore the Kluže Fortress, a castle that was part of a fort built in 1472. It was said to have served as protection for the Friuli from the Turks.
Split, Croatia
Split is the second largest city in Croatia, behind Zagreb. Find historic ruins and sites, as well as urban luxuries the city has to offer.
Split’s Diocletian’s Palace is the main attraction for the city. The 30,000 square meter property was home to the Roman Emperor Diocletian in the 3rd century. Many shops, cafes, restaurants, and apartments are now located in the old buildings.
You’ll find the Cathedral of Saint Domnius in the Mausoleum of Emperor Diocletian. It is the oldest cathedral in Europe and remains a place of worship for Catholics.
The Riva is a boardwalk and popular pedestrian location where you’ll discover many restaurants and bars. It faces the Diocletian Palace and is home to much of Split’s nightlife.
Public, cultural events are also often held along this boardwalk. Stop in for a bite to eat at one of the restaurants or enjoy an evening with friends at the many bars located on this strip.
Accommodation Options in Europe
Europe provides an array of accommodation options for visitors, from traditional chain hotels to a night in a historic castle.
Hotels / Boutique Hotels
You can find traditional hotels in most populated cities in Europe. Those wanting a cozier or more local option with the benefits of hotel amenities can stay in boutique hotels located in both big cities and smaller towns.
Bed and Breakfasts
A B&B can be a more affordable accommodation that features a private room and complimentary breakfast. Airbnb.com is widely used to advertise available rooms and apartments to rent.
Hostels
These dorm-like accommodations may be ideal for backpackers or travelers on a budget. Though they feature few amenities, they are an easy way to meet other travelers and get tips on where to travel to next. Use sites like Hostel World to find hostels throughout Europe.
Here’s everything you need to know before staying in a hostel.
Homestays
Get put up with a local European family with Homestay.com. This local experience is often more affordable and allows you to get to know a local family.
Castle / Chateau / Castello / Parador
Experience a night sleeping in a castle during your trip to Europe. Many castles throughout Europe have been renovated into hotels with modern amenities for a unique experience.
These accommodations tend to be pricier, so you might consider a list of the best castles in Europe for a honeymoon, birthday, or anniversary trip. The Travel Leisure website also covers a list of affordable castle hotels.
Manor House / Villas
Rent a room or an entire luxury villa in the European countryside. These are large country homes or rural homes once owned by nobility or upper-class people in Europe and are a feature location for those wanting a high-class experience.
Navigate Transportation in Europe
Modes of transportation can vary across Europe, but there are several common modes to consider when traveling locally and long distance.
Local Transportation
- Underground Subway System – found in most major cities including Paris, London, Berlin, and Rome
- Public Bus / Tram – found in larger and medium-size cities
- City Bike Rental – highly popular in Paris
- Rideshare – Uber and BlaBlaCar are the most popular ridesharing services
Keep in mind these 8 ways to stay safe while taking public transportation in a foreign country.
Long-Distance Transportation
- Bus – Use Flixbus and OuiBus to find affordable travel options by bus.
- Budget Airline – Affordable airlines like Vueling, Ryanair, and EasyJet are popular for international travel throughout Europe.
- Train – A Eurail pass is an affordable option for those planning to do multiple long-distance trips by train. Travel blogger Nomadic Matt wrote a blog post all about Eurail passes and when you might need one.
- Car Rental – Read the Earth Trekkers’ Guide before deciding to rent a car in Europe.
European Culture
Europe is home to an array of different cultures, but these broad tips can ensure travelers are courteous during their visit.
Tipping
Tipping serves its traditional purpose of commending good service by leaving a little extra money for the waiters. However, many large cities have been highly influenced by the American culture of providing low wages and counting on higher tips to make up for it. Read Rick Steve’s guide to tipping in Europe before you travel.
Local Shopping
It is customary to say “hello” or “good morning” when you enter a local shop in Europe. Even if you aren’t fluent in the local language, learn how to say these phrases.
Languages
Almost 90% of Europeans can hold a conversation in a second language or more, according to a European Commission Report. This is a positive for nervous travelers who want to visit a country but don’t have the time to learn a new language.
The most widely spoken languages in Europe are as follows:
- English
- French
- German
- Spanish
- Russian (mostly eastern Europe)
Bigger cities and high tourist destinations often provide instructions in multiple languages to help visitors too.
It is wise to try to learn at least a few common phrases in a local language to be courteous and to help in situations when others may not speak the language(s) you do.
Learn tips for traveling without knowing the language if you plan to visit a European country that doesn’t speak your language widely.
How to Travel Europe on a Budget
Travel, especially international travel, can get expensive very quickly. Consider these tips on how to travel Europe on a budget to ensure you get the most out of your money and the experience.
- Plan Ahead – Travelers who spend time making a plan for where they want to visit and how they will travel between destinations will find the most affordable options.
- Travel in the Off-Season – Avoid the summer months when accommodations prices are higher. Consider traveling between October and April.
- Look for Free Walking Tours – Sandeman’s New Europe Tours and Free Tours by Foot offer tours of many European cities without having to empty your wallet.
- Travel in Eastern Europe – Prices for accommodations and restaurants tend to be lower.
- Avoid Restaurants in Touristy Locations – Prices are often hiked up in touristy areas, so venture farther away from tourist attractions for a meal.
- Consider B&Bs or Hostels – These tend to be more affordable accommodations, but typically offer fewer amenities.
- Purchase a Museum Pass – The Paris Museum Pass and the Roma Pass are two examples of cost-effective passes for those visiting multiple museums or attractions.
- Download the Ultimate Guide to Budget Travel – This free budget travel guide contains advice from real full-time travelers as well as tips specific to Eastern Europe.
Traveling to the Central European destinations of Krakow and Budapest or the Baltic state of Estonia? Explore these guides to traveling Krakow, Budapest, and Estonia on a budget.
Remember to Pack These Essentials
Packing for a trip to Europe can vary depending on the time of year and location you choose. Travelers planning to do city sightseeing should bring a comfortable pair of walking shoes. Those wanting to enjoy outdoor sports must bring necessary athleticwear.
Check the weather for the location(s) you plan to visit before packing. Also, don’t forget to include these four essentials:
- Electronic plug adaptor
- Passport
- Schengen visa (allows travelers to freely move between 26 participating countries – learn whether you need a Schengen visa here)
- Travel medical insurance (discover what travel medical insurance is and why you may need it)
Learn about Atlas Travel insurance and how it can benefit you on your next European adventure.
Resources and Sites That Make European Travel Easy
Navigating your planning process and navigating through a new city can bring a lot of confusion and questions. This list of apps, transportation and accommodations sites, and travel advice sites will ensure a smarter traveling experience.
Apps
- TripIt – travel organization, iOS or Android
- City Mapper – city transit, iOS or Android
- Google Translate – language translations, iOS or Android
Transportation and Accommodation Search Engines
- Kayak – flights, hotels, and car rental
- Skyscanner – flights
- Omio – trains, busses, and flights in Europe
- Airbnb – accommodations
- Hostel World – hostels
Travel Advice Websites
- Rick Steve’s Travel Videos – travel advice
- WikiVoyage – like Wikipedia, but for travel
- Time Out – virtual travel guides
- Atlas Obscura – unusual and off-the-beaten-path travel ideas
A trip to Europe can provide a unique experience and the opportunity to explore the many cultures found in the region. It all starts with creating a list of desired locations and finally making the decision to go.
